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????????????????Picrasnia quassioides??D.Don??Benn.??Rhus ailanthoides Bunge??Picrasma ailanthoides (Bunge) Planch.??

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??????????? ????????С???????7-10m?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????20-30cm??С?9-15??????????????????Σ???4-10cm????2-4cm??????????????Ш?Σ???????????????????????????ɡ??????????????????12cm???????????????????????????4-5?????Σ??????????4-5???????Σ?????????2????????4-5????????4-5???????????????????С????????Σ?4-5???????4-5?????????????????????????????Σ???????????????3-4????????????????滨??????4-5???????8-9???

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????????????????2400m???????????????????????????·??????

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??????? ??????Σ????30cm?????????1cm????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????С???????????????????????ζ??

?????????????棺???????????????????????????2-20????????????????????е?????????????????????????????????????г????????????????????????????140-240??m?????12-20??m????????????????е???????????????16-20??m?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1-5????????????????????????

?????????1.?????????(kumujian)A??1-??????????-????(1-carboethoxy-carbo-line)???????B??1-??????????-????(1-carbomethoxy-carbo-line)???????C??1-??????-????(1-formyl-carboline)???????D??4??5-??????????????(4??5-dimethoxy-canthin-6-one)???????E????????(canthin-6-one)???????F??4-????????????(4-methoxy-canthin-6-one)???????G??1-?????-4??8-????????-????(1-vinyl-4, 8-dimethoxy-carboline)?????????(picrasidine)C??D??E????????????(quassin)????????(pi-crasmin)????????(picrasin)A??B??C??D??E??F??G??????????(nigakihemiacetal)A??B??C, ???????(nigakilactone)A??B??C??D??E??F??G??H??I??J??K??L??M???????(24Z)-27-???-3-????-7??24-??????-21-???(24Z)-27-hydroxy-3-oxo-7??24-tirucalladien-21-al??, (24Z)-27-???-7??24-??????-3-???(24z)-27-hydroxy-7??24-tirucalldien-3-one???(24Z)-3 -????-3 -??-27-???-7??24-??????-3-???(24Z)-3 -oxo-3 -homo-27-hydroxy-7, 24-tirucalldien-3-one???(24Z)-27-???-3-????-7??24-??????-21-???????methyl(24Z)-27-hydroxy-3-oxo-7??24-tirucalladien-21-oate???(24Z)-7??24-??????-3?? 27-??????(24Z)-7??24-tirucalladiene-3??27-diol???(24Z)-3??27-?????-7??24-??????-21-???(24Z)-3??27-dihy-droxy-7??24-tirucalladien-21-al?????1-?????-4, 9-????????-????(1-vinyl-4, 9-dimethoxy-carboline)??-????????3-(4??8-????????-??????)-1-???????????????? -carbelin-1-yl-3-(4??8-dimethoxy-carbolin-1-yl)-1-methoxypropylketone???1-???-4-??????-????(1-eth[FS:PAGE]yl-4-methoxy-carboline)??5-????????????(5-methoxy canthin-6-one)????????(canthin-6-one)??1-?????-4-????????????1-?????-4??8-????????-????, 1-??????-???????1-????-????(1-hydroxymethyl-carboline)??1-??????????-????????????(nigakinone)???????????(methylnigakinone)??3-????????-5??6-???(3-meihyl-cantin-5??6-dione)?????????(kumujancine)H??1-??????-4-??????-????(1-formyl-4-methoxy-carboline)???????(kumujanvine)I??3-???????????????methyl 3( -carbolin-1-yl)propionate???1-?????-4-??????-??????3-????????-2??6-???(3-methyl-can-thin-2??6-dione)???????????п??????(picrasinoside)A??B??

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1????????????????е?????????????0.3mg/kg?????????ó???θ????????????????15%??10%?????????D??5-???-4-??????????????5-???-?????F??????B???????ó???????????????????????????о??????????е???????cAMP?????????????????á???????????????1-?????????-?????????cAMP?????????????????????IC50?3.6 ?? l0??-5??mol/L??5-???-4-??????????????IC50?1.4 ?? l0??-5??mol??L, 4??5-????????????????IC50?10.4 ?? l0??-5????

2????????????????з???????????-B???????????????????P388????????????????????????????????????5-????????

3???????????????е? -???????????п??????????????????????????????????2g?????ml????С????0.2-0.5ml??????????8ml?????????????????????ж???С???????з???????????????С????????75.6%???????????100%??

?????????????? ???????2g?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????2ml????1ml??????????????????????????μ?????????????????????????????????????2??????????1ml????????????????2-3?Σ?????????????????????????????? ???????1g??????10ml???????????????????á???????B??C??D??F??????????轺G????????????????????????18cm???????Dra-gendorff-Wagner??1??1?????????????????????????365nm???????????????????????λ??????????????????