????λ?????? > ?????? > ?????? > ??????C > ?????

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?????????Ch?? Qi??n C??o

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????????????????1.Plantago asiatica L.2.Plantago major L.3.Plantago depressa Willd

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1.??? ?????????????????????50cm??????????????????????????????????????????????λ?????Σ???4-12cm????2-7cm?????????????????????????????????????????????5-7??????????????????????12-50cm?????????????????????????????2/5-1/2???????????????????1????????Σ?????4?????????????????λ?????Σ???棻????С??????????????Σ????4????????Σ?????????????4???????????????????????????????????????Σ???????????????????????Σ?????1???????λ??????Σ?2?????4?????????1?????????????????????Σ??????????·?2/5????????·?2/5??档????4-8???9?????????Σ???????????6-9???????10???

2.??? ???????????????????λ?????Σ???6-10cm????3-6cm???????????????ο?Ш?Σ???????????????????????????3-10cm???????н????????7-15????????

3.???? ????????????????????????????????????Ρ????????????λ?????????Σ?????????????????????????????????????????Σ???????

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2.????·?????????????????

3.???????1800m????????????﹡?????

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2.?????????????

3.??????????????????????

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?????? ??????????????????????????6-10??????????????????????????3-4????У???1.3m?????裬?????????27cm???????1hm2??????4.5kg???????????????9-10????????1.3m?????裬???????1hm2??????15kg??2?????-3???????????????????27cm???????????2-3???1hm2?紲????????10hm2?????

?????? ?????????и???????????3?Ρ????????????????1???????3cm????粹?磬??2??3????5??6????С????????????1??????????????У???2????????1????????3????????2???????

???溦???? ????????????????65%???????500-600??????Ρ?????????????50%???????????1000-1500????????ù????????????????1??1??300??????????Ρ??溦?????棬????40%???????800-1500??????Ρ???????????50%п????????1000???????

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??????? ??1????? ????????????????????????????????????????????λ?????Σ???4-12cm????2-5cm???????????????Ш?Σ?[FS:PAGE]????????????????????????????????7?????????????????????????????????????????????????????5-15cm??????????Σ??????????档?????ζ???

??2????? ???????????????????????????λ?????Σ???6-10cm????3-6cm?????????????????Ш?Σ???????5-7??????????????н????????????

??3?????? ????????????????????????λ??????????Σ???5-10cm????1-3cm???????С?????????????????????????5-7????????????????????????????衣??????

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??????? ??????????1????????±????????Σ?????????????????????????????????????3-4??????????2?????????Σ???48-72??m????15-18??m??????????????30?????????????????????7-9????

??2????? ??????2???????36-48??m????30-38??m???????????????12-24??m????12-24??m??????????????10-15??????????????????4-7????

??3?????? ??????2???????30-42??m????20-24??m???????????????15-21??m????12-15??m??????????????20-30??????????????????5-7????

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1.??? ?????????ursolic acid???????????飨n-hentriacontane??????-?????????-sitoserol???????????stig-masterol??????-??????????????-sitosteryl palmitate??????????????????stigmasteryl palmitate??[1]???????????aucubin??[2]??????????plantainoside??A??B??C??D??E??F?????????????????B??cal-ceorioside B????3??4-??????????-6-O-????????-??-D-?????????3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl alcohol-6-O-caffeoyl-??-D-glucoside???????????????????acteoside??????????????isoacteoside????????????acteoside????????????leucosceptoside??A???????????isomartynoside????????????martynoside??[3]??

?????????????????plantaginin?????????????????????????????????plantaginin?????????????????????????????????plantamajoside????7-?????????hellicoside??[4]??

??????????[2]?????????[5]?????????homoplanta-ginin??[6]??

???к????????[2]?????????[5]?????????homoplanta-ginin??[6]??

???к?????????stachyose?????????sucrose???????????raffi-nose????????[7]??

2.??? ??????????oleanolic acid??????-????????????????campesterol????????????????luteolin????6-??????????6-hydroxyluteolin??????????????????7-O-?????????lu-teolin7-O-glucoside????6-?????????-7-O-?????????6-hydroxy-luteolin7-O-glucoside??[8]??????????????????????????????????plantarenaloside?????????????ixoroside????????????as-peruloside???????????melampyroside??[9]??????????majoro-side??[10]??

??????????fumaric acid??????????benzoic acid?????????cinnamic acid??????????syringic acid?????????vannillic acid??????-????p-coumaric acid??????????gentisic acid?????????salicylic acid????????tyrosol????3??4-???????????????3??4-dihydroxy cin-namic acid methyl ester????3??4-????????????????3,4-dihydroxy cinnamic acid ethyl ester???????????????loliolide,digiprola-ctone??[11]??????????baicalein??????????????scutellarein??????????????????baicalin?????????chlorogenic acid???????????neochlorogenic aci[FS:PAGE]d??[12]?????????[13]??????[14]??????____????????plantaglucide??[15??

????????á?

1.???????????????????????????????,?????????ü??????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????Na+-K+-ATP??????,?????????????,50%????Na+-K+-ATP??????????IC50???16.0??g/ml???????????????0.5g???/kg??????,????????????????,????????????????,???????????????????????仯???????????????15-70?????????????70???????????????????????????????Э?,?????????????????,??????????????????????????

2.?????????????????????????????????????è??θ,?????è??????????????????,???????????,????????С????30g/kg???????,???????????????????????????2.0??10??-2??g/L????????????α???????????????????????????????????鰷???????????????????????????????,?????????????,??????????á??????ù?????????,????????????????????????,???????????á??????????è??θ,???????è???????????????,?????????????,?????ò??????????????3-6С????????,?????6-7С???????????????????????????????????,???????????????,????????????,?????????????á?

3.????????????????????????????????????????????????С???????????ū???????в?????????????á????????????????????????????????,????????????ж?????,??????????????????????????С????????????15mg/ml????????????????á?

4.??θ???????????????????Сθ??θ??????????????????????0.5g/kg,??θ???????????????????????????????θ?????????????????????θ????????,???ж?????á??????????????θ??????????,?????????θ??????á????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????θ???????95%,????θ?????,??????????峦??????????,?????????????鰷?????????á???????????С???????θ?????????????θ????????????θ?????????????÷??????á?????????????????????θ??????

5.??????????????????????0.5g/kg??1g/kg,????????????????????????????,?????????????á?

6.?????????????????????????????С??????S180?н????????????á??????????plantaginin??С???????????????????,??????,??????,??????????????????,?????????????????????????,????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????С????к??????,???6С??????к,???????Ч???0.39g/kg??????????????????????,????????????-???????????,??????????Amanita phalloides??????????????????????е?????????????????????phenylethanoid glycosides?????п?????????,??????????????? ADP??NADPH??????????????????,??????D??IC50?0.36??mol/L??

??????????????С???????????????????7.9g/kg?????????????С?????????????????1.7g/kg???????????2g/kg??3g/kg,????28??,???????3g/kg??5g/kg,????3????,??δ??????????

???????????????????????,??????????,?????????????????????????????С?????,?????,???????,??????,????,?ж?,????,????м?? ????????????????С??,?????????????????????????[FS:PAGE]?????????,?е?????,???????????????,????????,???????5-7????????????????,ζ???,?????? ????????????,????????,??????

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?????????Ρ???????????????????????????С?????????????????к???????????????????????????????????

???÷??????????????????15-30g?????30-60g?????????????????????????????÷???????

?????????????????????黬????????????á?

?????????????????:???????????:????,??????????,??????????衷??:??????????????????,???г??????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????:???????????????????????,????????????????????????????:??????,???????????档????????????????ò??????????????,??????????????????

????????????1.????????????,???涨???????????,?????????,???ɡ?2.??????????????????·????????????????????q???????,??????????,????????3.????????????????????????,????????????????????л????,???????С???????????,????????,???????á???????????????????????q??????????????q,??????????,????????????????,???????,????????????,?????????????4.????????????????,???????????????,??????????β????????,???,??????????????,???? ,??????,???????,????,???????,???,???ε????5.????????????F????????,?????????????,???????????????????????????6.??????????????????,?????????????????????????q,??????????,????????????????????,?????????,???????,δ?????????????顷?????q???????Ρ?ν???,??????,?????????????,???????,???????,?ο??????????????,?????,????????????????ν???????????????????????????q,????,?????????????,???????????????????????????????????,????м?,?????????,??????,????????,????????,???????????????????????,?????,????????????,???????·?,?????????,?????ι???????ξ?????????,???????????????ν?????????????????????????,?????????

???????á???????????????1 000g,??????????????????????????,??????????,?????2??1,??2?????????????,????,???????,??????????,?????????????????,????,??16???????,??????,??????????20g??????????????????????????????????????????,???1??,???1-2?Ρ?????????????в???????????1971???? ??????????,??????,????,????,??????????,??????????,????????????????ε???,????????????????????????д???????,?????????????? ????,???????????????,??????,?????С???????????????????